Bu haftaki dersimiz, Taha Abdurrahman\u2019\u0131n Gazi \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir program\u0131 i\u00e7in kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 metnin de\u011ferlendirilmesiyle ba\u015flad\u0131. Hocan\u0131n dikkat \u00e7ekti\u011fi ilk nokta, \u201ctefekk\u00fcr\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131n modern Arap\u00e7a kullan\u0131m\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde unutulmas\u0131 ve onun yerine daha \u00e7ok \u201ctefk\u00eer\u201d kelimesinin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131yd\u0131. Hocam\u0131z iki kavram aras\u0131nda bi\u00e7imsel de\u011fil, y\u00f6n belirleyen derin bir fark\u0131n bulundu\u011funu belirtti. Bu farka g\u00f6re tefk\u00eer analitik ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleyici bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 yani yatay bir zihinsel faaliyettir. Tefekk\u00fcr ise, hakikate y\u00fckselen, de\u011ferle irtibat kuran bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme bi\u00e7imi ve dikey bir yolculuktur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Taha Hoca, metninin temel ilkesinin \u201ci\u015ftikak\u201d ile \u201cistim\u00e2l\u201d ayr\u0131m\u0131 oldu\u011funu vurgulamaktad\u0131r. Yani kelimenin k\u00f6keni ile tarihsel kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n birbirinden ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir durum s\u00f6z konusudur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Klasik ulema tefekk\u00fcr kavram\u0131n\u0131 merkeze al\u0131rken, modern M\u00fcsl\u00fcman d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler tefk\u00eer kelimesine y\u00f6nelmi\u015flerdir. Bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klarken konuyla ilgili iki ismin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini ele alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: Gaz\u00e2l\u00ee ve Abbas Mahm\u00fbd el-Akk\u00e2d. Gaz\u00e2l\u00ee\u2019nin \u0130hy\u00e2\u2019da \u201ctefekk\u00fcr\u201d\u00fc m\u00fcstakil bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm olarak i\u015flemesi, Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee bir dikkatin, varl\u0131k \u00fczerinde derin bir murakabenin ifadesi iken; Akk\u00e2d\u2019\u0131n \u201ctefk\u00eer\u201di geni\u015f bir rasyonel etkinlik alan\u0131 olarak ele almas\u0131 modern zihnin yatay geni\u015fleme e\u011filimini g\u00f6stermektedir.
Hocam\u0131z metin \u00fczerinden bu iki kavram\u0131n Kur\u2019\u00e2n-\u0131 Kerim\u2019deki kullan\u0131mlar\u0131na de\u011findi. \u201cTefekk\u00fcr\u201d ve \u201ctefk\u00eer\u201d kelimelerinin mastarlar\u0131 Kur\u2019\u00e2n\u2019da isim olarak yer almazken bu kavramlar\u0131n fiil formlar\u0131 ile s\u0131k s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r\u0131z. Burada \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir sonu\u00e7 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar: \u201cYetefekkerun\u201d fiili on yedi ayette yer al\u0131rken, \u201cfekkere\u201d fiili yaln\u0131zca bir ayette ge\u00e7er.
Ayr\u0131ca tefekk\u00fcr fiilinin \u00e7o\u011funlukla ayetlerin sonunda yer almas\u0131, onun bir \u201cibret\u201d ve \u201chakikate y\u00f6nelme\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00d6te yandan, \u201cfekkere\u201d fiilinin Vel\u00eed b. Mu\u0121\u00eere ba\u011flam\u0131nda olumsuz bir zihinsel teredd\u00fct ve hesap yapma anlam\u0131yla kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da g\u00f6stermektedir. B\u00f6ylece Kur\u2019\u00e2n-Kerim, tefekk\u00fcre daha y\u00fcksek bir de\u011fer atfeder, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc tefekk\u00fcr do\u011frudan hakikate ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r, tefk\u00eer ise ba\u015fka unsurlara dayan\u0131r ve bazen hakikatin d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ta\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Metnin devam\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin amel ile ili\u015fkisi ele al\u0131nd\u0131. Taha Hoca\u2019ya g\u00f6re d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ile amel aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f \u201caraz\u00ee\u201d de\u011fildir, yani sonradan eklenen bir unsur de\u011fil, \u00f6zsel ve ayr\u0131lmaz bir birliktir. Bu nedenle tefekk\u00fcr amel do\u011furur, amel ile beslenir; tefk\u00eer ise her zaman eyleme d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeyebilir. Bu noktada hocam\u0131z \u201cm\u00fckevvin\u00e2t\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7arak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan unsurun \u201cmukavvimler\u201d yani kurucu \u00f6\u011feler oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi. Bu k\u00f6kten t\u00fcreyen kelimelerin (takv\u00eem, ikame, k\u0131y\u00e2m, k\u0131ymet) \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi \u00fczerinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin hem maddi ko\u015fullarla hem de de\u011ferle kurdu\u011fu ba\u011fa i\u015faret etti. Buna g\u00f6re m\u00fckevvinat d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin varl\u0131k zeminini, k\u0131yem (de\u011ferler) ise y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc belirler; de\u011fer olmadan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce v\u00fccut bulmaz, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce olmadan da de\u011fer i\u015flev kazanmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dersin son b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde hocam\u0131z, modern \u00e7a\u011fda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerin \u201ctefekk\u00fcr\u201d yerine \u201ctefk\u00eer\u201di tercih etmelerinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na i\u015faret etti. Bu tercih, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ile amel aras\u0131ndaki asli ba\u011f\u0131n zay\u0131flamas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Taha Abdurrahman\u2019\u0131n hedefi, tefekk\u00fcr\u00fcn yeniden ihyas\u0131d\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc tefekk\u00fcr, hem hakikate ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem de amelle kopmaz ili\u015fkisi sayesinde \u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncenin kurucu ilkesini temsil eder. Hocam\u0131z, bu ayr\u0131m\u0131n yaln\u0131zca kavramsal de\u011fil, toplumsal ve ahlaki sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furdu\u011funu, bu y\u00fczden tefekk\u00fcr\u2013tefk\u00eer ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 merkeze alan ciddi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ihtiya\u00e7 oldu\u011funu vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bu haftaki dersimiz, Taha Abdurrahman\u2019\u0131n Gazi \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir program\u0131 i\u00e7in kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 metnin de\u011ferlendirilmesiyle ba\u015flad\u0131. Hocan\u0131n dikkat \u00e7ekti\u011fi ilk nokta, \u201ctefekk\u00fcr\u201d kavram\u0131n\u0131n modern Arap\u00e7a kullan\u0131m\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde unutulmas\u0131 ve onun yerine daha \u00e7ok \u201ctefk\u00eer\u201d kelimesinin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131yd\u0131. Hocam\u0131z iki kavram aras\u0131nda bi\u00e7imsel de\u011fil, y\u00f6n belirleyen derin bir fark\u0131n bulundu\u011funu belirtti. Bu farka g\u00f6re tefk\u00eer analitik … <\/p>\n