Prof. Dr. Mehmet G\u00f6rmez\u2019in us\u00fbl ve metodoloji dersi kapsam\u0131nda bu hafta, \u201c\u0130nsan\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f gayesi, mak\u00e2s\u0131du\u2019t-tenzil ve alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan mak\u00e2s\u0131du\u2019r-risale\u201d konular\u0131 ele al\u0131nd\u0131. \u00d6nceki derste i\u015flenen hil\u00e2fet ve im\u00e2ret kavramlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131sa tekrar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan mak\u00e2s\u0131du\u2019t-tenz\u00eel konusuna giri\u015f yap\u0131ld\u0131.
Maksad\u00fc\u2019l-hil\u00e2fe: Bu gaye, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce hakk\u0131n ikame edilmesiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Hilafetin u\u011fruna yerine getirildi\u011fi bir hakikat vard\u0131r ve insan, \u00f6ncelikle bu hakikate uygun bi\u00e7imde hakk\u0131 ayakta tutmakla m\u00fckelleftir. Zira bu durum insano\u011flunun yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f gayesidir. Hakk\u0131n ard\u0131ndan adaletin tesis edilmesi (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644), adaletin akabinde ise hay\u0131r ve salah\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131 (\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d) gelir. Bu noktada hocam\u0131z, \u201cYery\u00fcz\u00fcnde bozgunculuk yaparak fesat \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131n\u201d (Bakara, 60) ayetini zikrederek yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde salah\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle fesad\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi gerekti\u011fini belirtti. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla temel gayeler, hakk\u0131 ve adaleti ayakta tutmak, hay\u0131r ve salah\u0131 yaymak ve yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde fesad\u0131 engellemektir. \u0130nsano\u011fluna verilen hilafet g\u00f6revi, mahiyeti itibar\u0131yla b\u00f6yle bir sorumluluktur. Ancak hilafet kavram\u0131 tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7te gayesel tutumundan ziyade siyasi bir terim olarak \u015f\u00f6hret buldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu kavram\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131labildi\u011fi ifade edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Maksad\u00fc\u2019l-imare: Konuyla ilgili \u201cAllah sizi yerden var etti ve sizden yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc imar etmenizi istedi\u201d (Hud, 61) ayeti payla\u015f\u0131larak insan\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f gayeleri \u00fc\u00e7 ba\u015fl\u0131kta topland\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dersin devam\u0131nda farkl\u0131 disiplinlerin \u2018insan\u2019 tan\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde duruldu. Filozoflar\u0131n insan\u0131 potansiyelleri \u00fczerinden \u2018d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen ve konu\u015fan varl\u0131k\u2019, sosyologlar\u0131n ise \u2018medeniyet kuran toplumsal varl\u0131k\u2019 olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtildi. Hocam\u0131z, bilim insanlar\u0131n\u0131n anatomi, biyoloji ve zihin eksenli yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n, insan\u0131n potansiyelini yads\u0131madan onu sahip olmas\u0131 gereken de\u011ferler \u00fczerinden tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 vurgulad\u0131. Kur\u2019an eksenli b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir insan tasavvurunun \u00f6nemini hat\u0131rlatt\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u201cinsan, ruhuyla Hakk ile, bedeniyle de halk ile \u00fcnsiyet kurabilen bir varl\u0131kt\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dersin ikinci k\u0131sm\u0131nda, \u201cAllah neden insano\u011fluna din g\u00f6nderdi?\u201d sorusu \u00fczerinden tenzil ve insan aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki ele al\u0131nd\u0131. Mak\u00e2s\u0131du\u2019t-tenzil; kendi i\u00e7inde mak\u00e2s\u0131du\u2019l-Kur\u2019an, mak\u00e2s\u0131du\u2019s-s\u00fcnne, mak\u00e2s\u0131du\u2019r-risale ve mak\u00e2s\u0131du\u2019d-din gibi k\u0131s\u0131mlara ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Hocam\u0131z \u201c\u0130nsan din i\u00e7in mi yarat\u0131ld\u0131, yoksa din insan i\u00e7in mi g\u00f6nderildi?\u201d sorusu \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, dinin insana ra\u011fmen de\u011fil, insan\u0131 ihya etmek i\u00e7in var oldu\u011funu belirtti. Bu y\u00fczden Allah, kullar\u0131 i\u00e7in zorluk dilemez vurgusunu yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hocam\u0131z, Kur\u2019an\u2019\u0131n peygamberler g\u00f6nderilmesinin sebebini \u015fu ayetler ile a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131: \u201c\u0631\u064f\u0633\u064f\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0628\u064e\u0634\u0650\u0651\u0631\u06ea\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0648\u064e\u0645\u064f\u0646\u0652\u0630\u0650\u0631\u06ea\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0644\u0650\u0626\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0650\u0644\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0627\u0633\u0650 \u0639\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0670\u0647\u0650 \u062d\u064f\u062c\u064e\u0651\u0629\u064c \u0628\u064e\u0639\u0652\u062f\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064f\u0651\u0633\u064f\u0644\u0650\u06dc \u0648\u064e\u0643\u064e\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0670\u0647\u064f \u0639\u064e\u0632\u06ea\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064e\u0643\u06ea\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627\/ Haber verici ve uyar\u0131c\u0131 olarak resuller g\u00f6nderdik ki, resullerden sonra insanlar\u0131n Allah\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 bir bahaneleri olmas\u0131n. Allah, mutlak \u00fcst\u00fcn oland\u0131r, en iyi h\u00fck\u00fcm verendir\u201d (4\/Nisa, 165). \u201c\u0648\u064e\u0645\u064e\u0627 \u0643\u064f\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u064e\u0630\u0650\u0651\u0628\u06ea\u064a\u0646\u064e \u062d\u064e\u062a\u0651\u0670\u0649 \u0646\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0639\u064e\u062b\u064e \u0631\u064e\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627\/ Biz, bir resul g\u00f6ndermedik\u00e7e azap edecek de\u011filiz\u201d (17\/\u0130sra, 15). \u201c\u0648\u064e\u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652 \u0627\u064e\u0646\u064e\u0651\u0653\u0627 \u0627\u064e\u0647\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0643\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627\u0647\u064f\u0645\u0652 \u0628\u0650\u0639\u064e\u0630\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064d \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0642\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0644\u0650\u0647\u06ea \u0644\u064e\u0642\u064e\u0627\u0644\u064f\u0648\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0628\u064e\u0651\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0644\u064e\u0648\u0652\u0644\u064e\u0653\u0627 \u0627\u064e\u0631\u0652\u0633\u064e\u0644\u0652\u062a\u064e \u0627\u0650\u0644\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0631\u064e\u0633\u064f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064e\u0646\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0651\u0628\u0650\u0639\u064e \u0627\u0670\u064a\u064e\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0643\u064e \u0645\u0650\u0646\u0652 \u0642\u064e\u0628\u0652\u0644\u0650 \u0627\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0646\u064e\u0630\u0650\u0644\u064e\u0651 \u0648\u064e\u0646\u064e\u062e\u0652\u0632\u0670\u0649\/ E\u011fer biz onlar\u0131 o Kur\u2019an\u2019dan \u00f6nce bir azap ile helak etseydik mutlaka, \u2018Ey Rabbimiz! Ke\u015fke bize bir peygamber g\u00f6nderseydin de al\u00e7al\u0131p rezil olmadan \u00f6nce ayetlerine uysayd\u0131k\u2019 derlerdi (20\/Taha, 134). Bu ayetlerde Allah\u2019\u0131n insan akl\u0131 ile kurdu\u011fu ili\u015fkiye dikkat \u00e7ekildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Son olarak peygamberlerin g\u00f6revlerini ifade eden iki temel kavram \u00fczerinde duruldu: G\u00fczel \u00f6rneklik anlam\u0131na gelen \u201c\u00fcsve-i hasene\u201d ve ar\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir toplum in\u015fa etmeyi hedefleyen \u201ctalim ve tezkiye\u201d. Peygamberler sadece \u00f6rnek olmakla kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda bu \u00f6rneklikle toplumu ar\u0131nd\u0131rma g\u00f6revini de \u00fcstlenirler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Prof. Dr. Mehmet G\u00f6rmez\u2019in us\u00fbl ve metodoloji dersi kapsam\u0131nda bu hafta, \u201c\u0130nsan\u0131n yarat\u0131l\u0131\u015f gayesi, mak\u00e2s\u0131du\u2019t-tenzil ve alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan mak\u00e2s\u0131du\u2019r-risale\u201d konular\u0131 ele al\u0131nd\u0131. \u00d6nceki derste i\u015flenen hil\u00e2fet ve im\u00e2ret kavramlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131sa tekrar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan mak\u00e2s\u0131du\u2019t-tenz\u00eel konusuna giri\u015f yap\u0131ld\u0131.Maksad\u00fc\u2019l-hil\u00e2fe: Bu gaye, her \u015feyden \u00f6nce hakk\u0131n ikame edilmesiyle m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Hilafetin u\u011fruna yerine getirildi\u011fi bir hakikat vard\u0131r ve insan, … <\/p>\n